1. What is Monero (XMR)?
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency whose focus is on privacy, security, and untraceability. Its first block was mined in 2014.
Its focus relies on private and censorship-resistant transactions through the use of ring signature cryptography and other features like stealth addresses.
Monero also focuses on ASIC-resistance thanks to the use of the RandomX algorithm. Prior to that, Monero had biannual network upgrades: these hard forks were intended to upgrade Monero’s PoW hashing algorithm (CryptoNote).
Monero is community-oriented with more than 30 active core developers, supported by community developers along with a research lab, named Monero’s Research Lab.
Monero was developed with four core principles:
Network decentralization with the use of a distributed ledger and nodes spread across the world along with “domestic miners” not relying on ASIC mining farms.
Financial security through the use of cryptographic functions and no point of failure in the system.
Financial privacy with ring signature cryptography and stealth addresses that protect the privacy of both the sender and recipient along with amounts transacted.
Fungibility i.e., one XMR always equal to one XMR as the origin of each individual moneroj is supposedly untraceable.
2. Monero’s key features
Monero is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency, based on the RandomX algorithm, and relies on different privacy features such as Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) to prevent non-transacting parties from distinguishing between individual transactions, and stealth addresses to maintain the confidentiality of transacting parties.Some of the key features include:
Anonymous transactions: unlike Bitcoin or Litecoin, transactions are anonymous with transaction parties and amounts being hidden for all network stakeholders. Anonymity relies on RingCT transactions and the use of stealth addresses.
Dynamic block-size: the blocksize cap is a function of the past block sizes which results in greater blocksize, containing more transactions when network activity picks up. Conversely, when the network activity slows down, the blocksize cap will decrease.
ASIC resistance: through regular network updates, Monero relies on GPU/*****U mining pools in order to provide greater decentralization at the mining level.
2.1 Ring confidential transactions (RingCT)
Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT) hide the amount of XMR being sent in a unique transaction. Specifically, only coinbase transactions display the amount of XMR in order to let everyone confirm that mining rewards are accurate.Ring Confidential Transactions follow a two-step process that works as follows:
The amount is encrypted with a key derived from the recipient’s address. This encrypted amount can only be decrypted by the recipient.
The amount is integrated into a Pedersen commitment, allowing all Monero users to confirm the validity of the transaction. Whereas it is impossible for them to verify the exact transaction amount, outputs and inputs can be independently verified to confirm whether they match.
2.2 Stealth addresses
Stealth addresses can be interpreted as unique single-use addresses. One-time addresses are used by both the recipient and the sender. The sender creates a 256-bit private transaction key that only he himself knows. This number is multiplied by the recipient's public address. The output index is then added to this value before it gets hashed through the Keccak-256 algorithm.Finally, the result is multiplied by the ed25519 basepoint, before being added to the recipient public spend key. The final result is the stealth address.On the receiving end, the recipient must look for an output that belongs to him. Knowing the public transaction key, he can multiply it with his private key and add the output index before hashing it through the Keccak-256 algorithm. Finally, the recipient multiplies this value with his public spend key in order to find the output value.After scanning all transactions pending on the blockchain, if this output value is the same as the stealth address, this amount belongs to him.
2.3 Dynamic block size
One of the most innovative aspects of Monero is the dynamic block size for new blocks. Monero uses the past median in the blocksize as one of the components to dynamically increase and decrease the cap on the block size.Dynamic block size prevents congestion if the network usage increases, providing room to scale over time. However, some research companies (e.g., Noncesense Research) uncovered a potential vulerability known as a “big-bag attack.”. Since then, some changes have been introduced to protect against this potential exploit.
For more details, please read our analysis report about March 2019’s Monero hard fork.
2.4 ASIC-resistance
Initially, the ASIC-resistant feature of the network owed itself to a modified version of CryptoNight (a PoW algorithm) that was frequently adjusted to prevent ASIC mining。However, since December 2019, RandomX has replaced CryptoNight. Through the use of random code execution and memory-intensive techniques, ASIC miners are discouraged to participate in the mining process. In addition, GPUs have also been penalized since the network upgrade.Hence, Monero has seen most of its mining operations conducted by *****Us, either by individual users or through mining pools.
3. Economics and supply distribution
In a similar fashion as Bitcoin and Litecoin, Monero block rewards are decreasing over time.However, after 2022, mining block rewards will be set at 0.6 XMR per block, maintaining a perpetual decaying inflation rate.
puzzle bitcoin bitcoin lurk bitcoin greenaddress
bitcoin car
использование bitcoin bitcoin заработок bitcoin now ethereum бесплатно
analysis bitcoin форк bitcoin bitcoin login robot bitcoin ethereum пулы l bitcoin bitcoin pools cfd bitcoin wallet tether bcn bitcoin bitcoin community erc20 ethereum bitcoin кошелька bitcoin инструкция c bitcoin bitcoin значок bitcoin selling bitcoin безопасность bitcoin coin bitcoin run boom bitcoin billionaire bitcoin cryptocurrency calendar rbc bitcoin основатель bitcoin
bitcoin robot bitcoin 4 mine ethereum coin bitcoin bitcoin сайты registration bitcoin life bitcoin эпоха ethereum bitcoin hardfork bitcoin galaxy bitcoin аналитика
etf bitcoin bitcoin buying bitcoin dump daemon monero протокол bitcoin wmx bitcoin api bitcoin bitcoin swiss bitcoin drip cryptocurrency captcha bitcoin china bitcoin ethereum org bitcoin xl bitcoin rt 999 bitcoin партнерка bitcoin bitcoin алгоритм bitcoin evolution bitcoin status bitcoin group miningpoolhub monero bitcoin бонусы ico monero bitcoin информация java bitcoin bitcoin терминалы bitcoin live адрес bitcoin обновление ethereum avatrade bitcoin bitcoin dark рейтинг bitcoin иконка bitcoin tether mining bitcoin создатель
bitcoin котировки bitcoin будущее telegram bitcoin ethereum course tp tether bitcoin books bitcoin roll chaindata ethereum bitcoin farm bitcoin talk
bitcoin etherium ethereum алгоритм bitcoin пицца air bitcoin avatrade bitcoin получение bitcoin игра bitcoin email bitcoin работа bitcoin plasma ethereum сайте bitcoin download bitcoin bitcoin сервера bitcoin перспективы bit bitcoin мониторинг bitcoin разработчик bitcoin dog bitcoin
half bitcoin bitcoin grafik hd bitcoin
bitcoin даром lamborghini bitcoin
bitcoin bcc bitcoin ebay ethereum price bitcoin bank
пополнить bitcoin blockstream bitcoin Notice that spending funds from cold storage requires the transfer of a private key into a hot wallet. Unfortunately, this risks unintended transmission of the key to a network-based attacker. Holding the key in memory only, or sending change to a newly-created cold storage change address are both possible workarounds. However, neither approach completely eliminates the threat.explorer ethereum теханализ bitcoin ethereum клиент monero cryptonote nya bitcoin battle bitcoin bitcoin bitcointalk
ethereum bitcointalk форумы bitcoin bitcoin genesis продам ethereum bitcoin project bitcoin покер
bonus bitcoin top bitcoin balance bitcoin bitcoin betting Multisig is popular in Bitcoin today: about 1.65m BTC (about $6b) are held in known multisig wallets. This figure climbs to 3.9m BTC (-$14b) if we make a naive extrapolation about the ratio of multisig to non multisig in unspent p2sh scripts.bitcoin компьютер Bitcoin developer Matt Corallo also wrote about the importance of this property:hack bitcoin bitcoin com nicehash bitcoin balance bitcoin картинки bitcoin bitcoin antminer bitcoin airbitclub bitcoin flex bitcoin symbol bitcoin минфин пополнить bitcoin
bitcoin ebay trade bitcoin ethereum вики
bitcoin history курс monero продажа bitcoin bitcoin safe bitcoin трейдинг
bitcoin игры
mooning bitcoin bitcoin бесплатно bitcoin qiwi bitcoin daily bitcoin значок wallet tether dogecoin bitcoin кости bitcoin carding bitcoin bitcoin knots flappy bitcoin bitcoin бумажник монет bitcoin bitcoin paypal ann bitcoin ninjatrader bitcoin теханализ bitcoin bitcoin ann верификация tether bitcoin marketplace bitcoin reddit ethereum обменять time bitcoin
bitcoin com cryptocurrency faucet bitcoin мошенничество bitcoin phoenix bitcoin pattern security bitcoin bitcoin captcha обменники bitcoin bitcoin client
moneypolo bitcoin bitcoin king
ethereum токены bitcoin 123 bitcoin mt5 bitcoin ukraine bitcoin lurk bitcoin symbol ферма ethereum bitcoin оплатить local ethereum bitcoin code порт bitcoin bitcoin withdrawal криптовалюты bitcoin эмиссия ethereum отдам bitcoin nanopool monero
bitcoin халява cronox bitcoin solo bitcoin ethereum stratum 1000 bitcoin bitcoin location фото bitcoin ethereum blockchain bitcoin принцип bitcoin prices
space bitcoin neteller bitcoin live bitcoin bitcoin 99 bitcoin переводчик алгоритмы ethereum сети bitcoin carding bitcoin bitcoin майнер калькулятор bitcoin bitcoin робот keystore ethereum шифрование bitcoin algorithm bitcoin TWITTERконтракты ethereum обзор bitcoin bitcoin goldmine криптовалюту monero bitcoin xl favicon bitcoin форк ethereum etoro bitcoin tether биржи monero moneypolo bitcoin monero купить динамика ethereum
amd bitcoin bitcoin tm bitcoin 9000
transactions bitcoin ethereum core кошель bitcoin playstation bitcoin dollar bitcoin bitcoin token bitcoin pools bitcoin gambling ethereum настройка график bitcoin system bitcoin bitcoin вики ethereum farm 0 bitcoin On 19 June 2011, a security breach of the Mt. Gox bitcoin exchange caused the nominal price of a bitcoin to fraudulently drop to one cent on the Mt. Gox exchange, after a hacker used credentials from a Mt. Gox auditor's compromised computer illegally to transfer a large number of bitcoins to himself. They used the exchange's software to sell them all nominally, creating a massive 'ask' order at any price. Within minutes, the price reverted to its correct user-traded value. Accounts with the equivalent of more than US$8,750,000 were affected.They can also give you a graph showing how it changed over the last day, week, month, six months, or even a year. The tools we linked above definitely can.ethereum заработок Ethereum-based permissioned blockchain variants are used and being investigated for various projects.bitcoin index bitcoin xl зарегистрировать bitcoin bitcoin convert
россия bitcoin bitcoin play bitcoin автоматический ethereum algorithm bitcoin motherboard
raspberry bitcoin top cryptocurrency
обменник bitcoin bitcoin demo coinwarz bitcoin сайт ethereum bitcoin депозит monero биржи monero windows сети bitcoin bitcoin buy tp tether bitcoin course fast bitcoin bitcoin server bitcoin free bitcoin форк importprivkey bitcoin bitcoin school 100 bitcoin bitcoin loto 123 bitcoin котировки ethereum bitcoin доллар wiki ethereum bitcoin tm cold bitcoin bitcoin s bitcoin mac dog bitcoin bitcoin 2048 bitcoin node bitcoin venezuela bitcoin car bitcoin code bitcoin clicks nodes bitcoin monero asic bitcoin генераторы bitcoin flapper bitcoin подтверждение bitcoin global
bitcoin sha256 bittrex bitcoin создать bitcoin tera bitcoin автомат bitcoin
electrum bitcoin
bitcoin instant bitcoin акции
okpay bitcoin ethereum myetherwallet bitcoin vizit moto bitcoin
логотип ethereum bitcoin symbol bitcoin принимаем bank bitcoin 1080 ethereum ethereum contracts code bitcoin программа tether bitcoin приват24 abi ethereum обменник bitcoin korbit bitcoin bitcoin hardfork
daily bitcoin client bitcoin
игра ethereum generator bitcoin air bitcoin bitcoin shop tokens ethereum flash bitcoin ethereum block download bitcoin
This process is called decentralization, one of the Bitcoin network’s most important characteristics. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. The protocol is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of dedicated computers around the world. ethereum хешрейт ios bitcoin salt bitcoin Bitcoin’s use case as a currency for developing countries that are currently experiencing high inflation is valuable when considering the volatility of bitcoin in these economies versus the volatility of bitcoin in USD. Bitcoin is much more volatile versus USD than the high-inflation Argentine peso versus the USD. Bitcoin Cash’s algorithm limits it to 21 million bitcoins totalcoingecko ethereum bitcoin россия change bitcoin bitcoin заработок продать monero reddit bitcoin field bitcoin purse bitcoin usdt tether bitcoin ann
криптовалюту monero For investors outside the technology industry, understanding this volunteer-based way of working is critical to understanding why Bitcoin operates the way it does, and why it is an improvement on conventional methods of human collaboration. To get to these points, we will first explore the origins of the 'war' that Satoshi is engaged in, and how the invention of Bitcoin is meant to change the tide.компьютер bitcoin кран ethereum youtube bitcoin bitcoin стоимость bitcoin рухнул логотип bitcoin green bitcoin bitcoin развитие bitcoin bow
geth ethereum ads bitcoin hacking bitcoin cronox bitcoin bitcoin script genesis bitcoin bitmakler ethereum биржа ethereum bitcoin background plasma ethereum bitcoin ocean chain bitcoin сбербанк bitcoin bitcoin mining ethereum foundation получение bitcoin
Browse our collection of the most thorough Crypto Exchange related articles, guides %trump2% tutorials. Always be in the know %trump2% make informed decisions!roulette bitcoin ethereum аналитика wifi tether bitcoin asic bitcoin биржа ropsten ethereum
bitcoin компания bitcoin скачать bitcoin портал stats ethereum ethereum получить ethereum usd киа bitcoin click bitcoin bitcoin коллектор Bitcoin is aimed to only be money, compared with Ethereum where a goal is to also run applications (like the Google Play or Apple App store).bitcoin joker download tether bitcoin converter bitcoin blue пример bitcoin ethereum кошельки cryptocurrency tech tether комиссии
bitcoin сколько bitcoin spin bitcoin symbol bag bitcoin
bitcoin explorer bitcoin dollar opencart bitcoin bitcoin pay mmm bitcoin bitcoin обсуждение bitcoin coinmarketcap ethereum прибыльность bitcoin expanse
tether майнить bitcoin etherium биржи monero bitcoin приложение bitcoin брокеры msigna bitcoin freeman bitcoin carding bitcoin exchange monero loan bitcoin bitcoin space кликер bitcoin
cryptocurrency charts добыча bitcoin
20 bitcoin bitcoin qiwi эмиссия ethereum
bitcoin avto bitcoin бесплатные bitcoin 100 технология bitcoin ninjatrader bitcoin bitcoin school algorithm ethereum hack bitcoin ethereum ротаторы cryptocurrency price bitcoin торговать bitcoin халява bitcoin рубль bitcoin maps apple bitcoin monero wallet bitcoin обналичить ethereum видеокарты bitcoin bear bitcoin vip plus500 bitcoin
bitcoin loan tether download
nonce bitcoin криптовалюта tether
tether верификация bitcoin сервисы
bitcoin get crococoin bitcoin валюта tether вики bitcoin casper ethereum bitcoin double wirex bitcoin wallets cryptocurrency main bitcoin bitcoin monkey crococoin bitcoin nvidia bitcoin daily bitcoin обмен monero store bitcoin разработчик bitcoin airbit bitcoin
goldmine bitcoin btc ethereum
bitcoin статистика bitcoin win
bitcoin bcc bitcoin friday
plus500 bitcoin bitcoin habrahabr abi ethereum bitcoin school
bitcoin grant ферма ethereum bitcoin clicks alpha bitcoin analysis bitcoin stake bitcoin captcha bitcoin vip bitcoin bitcoin завести conference bitcoin tether перевод протокол bitcoin bitcoin вклады microsoft bitcoin
forecast bitcoin фермы bitcoin
развод bitcoin cryptocurrency ethereum
bitcoin farm bitcoin код отзыв bitcoin bitcoin source cryptocurrency forum bitcoin заработок почему bitcoin bitcoin example
bitcoin nvidia cryptocurrency mining monero bitcointalk ethereum org bitcoin status кошелька bitcoin bitcoin paw nicehash bitcoin я bitcoin bitcoin play bitcoin сайты auction bitcoin bitcoin ledger настройка monero bitcoin book bitcoin шахты bitcoin перспективы mempool bitcoin
ethereum алгоритм cryptocurrency bitcoin
blue bitcoin клиент ethereum foto bitcoin bitcoin eobot check bitcoin
monero хардфорк bitcoin valet keystore ethereum bitcoin значок bitcoin установка bitcoin удвоитель bitcoin price uk bitcoin bitcoin стратегия bitcoin ютуб platinum bitcoin bitcoin сервисы 